Wiggers diagram

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

A Wiggers diagram is a standard diagram used in cardiac physiology.

The X axis is used to plot time, while the Y axis contains all of the following on a single grid:

Blood pressure
- Aortic pressure
- Ventricular pressure
- Atrial pressure
Ventricular volume
Electrocardiogram
Arterial flow (optional)
Heart sounds (optional)

By illustrating the coordinated variation of these values, it becomes easier to illustrate the relationship between these values in the cardiac cycle.

Etymology

It is named after Carl J. Wiggers. (The diagram is frequently incorrectly called a "Wigger's diagram". Although "Wiggers' diagram" would be grammatically correct, it is more frequently rendered "Wiggers diagram", with no apostrophe.)

Events

	Phase	EKG	Heart sounds	Aortic valve	Mitral valve
A	Atrial systole	P	S4*	closed	open
B	Ventricular systole - Isovolumetric/isovolumic contraction	QRS	S1 ("lub")	closed	closed
C1	Ventricular systole - Ejection 1	-		open	closed
C2	Ventricular systole - Ejection 2	T		open	closed
D	Ventricular diastole - Isovolumetric/isovolumic relaxation	-	S2 ("dub")	closed	closed
E1	Ventricular diastole - Ventricular filling 1	-	S3*	closed	open
E2	Ventricular diastole - Ventricular filling 2	-		closed	open