Sudden cardiac death other diagnostic studies

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Zand, M.D.[2] Edzel Lorraine Co, DMD, MD[3]

Overview

There are several other diagnostic tests being done for sudden cardiac death. These include the signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SaECG), exercise testing, provocative diagnostic tests such as the sodium channel blocker testing, adenosine test, and epinephrine test, electrophysiology study, and genetic testing.

Other Diagnostic Studies

There are several other diagnostic tests being done for sudden cardiac death. These include the signal-averaged electrocardiogram (SaECG), exercise testing, provocative diagnostic tests such as the sodium channel blocker testing, adenosine test, and epinephrine test, electrophysiology study, and genetic testing [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] [6] [15] [16] [17].

Signal-averaged Electrocardiogram

Exercise Testing

Provocative Diagnostic Tests

Electrophysiology Study

Genetic testing


2022 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrythymias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death [24]

Recommendations for genetic testing
Class I (Level of Evidence: B)
Class I (Level of Evidence: C)
  • When a putative causative variant is first identified evaluation for pathogenicity is recommended using an internationally accepted framework.
Class I (Level of Evidence: C)
Class I (Level of Evidence: C)
Class I (Level of Evidence: C)
  • It is recommended that class III (variants of uncertain significance) and Class IV variants should be evaluated for segregation in families where possible, and the variant re-evaluated periodically.
Class III (Level of Evidence: C)
Recommendations for public basic life support and access to automated external defibrillators
Class I (Level of Evidence: B)
Class I (Level of Evidence: B)
  • Prompt CPR by bystanders is recommended at out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Class I (Level of Evidence: B)
Class IIa (Level of Evidence: B)
  • Mobile phone-based alerting of basic life support-trained bystander volunteers to assist nearby out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims should be considered.
Recommendations for diagnostic evaluation and general recommendations for ventricular arrhythmia in dilated cardiomyopathy/ hypo kinetic non-dilated cardiomyopathy
Class I (Level of Evidence: B)
Class IIa (Level of Evidence: C)
Class III (Level of Evidence: C)
Recommendations for diagnosis of ventricular arrhythmias in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Class I (Level of Evidence: B)
Class I (Level of Evidence: B)
Class IIb (Level of Evidence: C)
Recommendations for diagnosis of ventricular arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Class I (Level of Evidence: B)
Class IIb (Level of Evidence: C)

2017AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for management of sudden cardiac arrest and ventricular arrhythmia

[25]

Class I, Level of evidence: B
In patients who recovered from SCA due to ventricular arrhythmia suspected ischemic heart disease, coronary angiography and probabley revascularization is recommmended
Class I, Level of evidence:C
In patients with anomalous origin of a coronary artery leading ventricular arrhythmia or SCA, repair or revascularization is recommended
Class IIa, Level of evidence: B
In patients with ischemic or nonischemic cardiomyopathy or congenital heart disease presented with syncope arrhythmia and do not meet criteria for primary prevention ICD, an electrophysiological study is recommended for assessing the risk of sustained VT
Class III, Level of evidence: B
In patients who meet criteria for ICD implantation, an electrophysiological study is not recommended for only inducing ventricular arrhythmia
Class III, Level of evidence: B
An electrophysiological study is not recommended for risk stratification for ventricular arrhythmia in patients with Long QT syndrome, short QT syndrome, cathecolaminergic polymorphic ventricular arrhythmia




Class I (Level of Evidence: C)
  • In patients with SCA or SCD in their family member, genetic tests and genetic counselling is recommended

References

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  25. Al-Khatib, Sana M.; Stevenson, William G.; Ackerman, Michael J.; Bryant, William J.; Callans, David J.; Curtis, Anne B.; Deal, Barbara J.; Dickfeld, Timm; Field, Michael E.; Fonarow, Gregg C.; Gillis, Anne M.; Granger, Christopher B.; Hammill, Stephen C.; Hlatky, Mark A.; Joglar, José A.; Kay, G. Neal; Matlock, Daniel D.; Myerburg, Robert J.; Page, Richard L. (2018). "2017 AHA/ACC/HRS Guideline for Management of Patients With Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death". Circulation. 138 (13). doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000549. ISSN 0009-7322.

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