Amyloidosis diagnostic study of choice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Shyam Patel [2]
Overview
The diagnostic study of choice in amyloidosis is tissue biopsy of the affected organ. Congo Red staining will show apple green birefringence of the tissue sample under polarized light, and subtyping of light chains (for light chain amyloidosis) can be done via mass spectrometry. Bone marrow biopsy and organ-specific laboratory measurements are also important ancillary tests.
Diagnostic Study of Choice
Study of Choice
- The diagnostic study of choice in amyloidosis is tissue biopsy of the affected organ.
- Congo Red staining will show apple green birefringence of the tissue sample under polarized light, and subtyping of light chains (for light chain amyloidosis) can be done via mass spectrometry.
- Mass spectrometry is only applicable to light chain amyloidosis.
- Tissue biopsy: A tissue biopsy of the affected organ is the gold standard test for amyloidosis. Particular stains can determine the subtype of amyloidosis.
- Bone marrow biopsy: A bone marrow biopsy is commonly done in patients who have light chain amyloidosis and suspected concurrent multiple myeloma.[1]
- Organ-specific labs: If a particular organ is affected, laboratory measurements that are specific to that organ can be measured. For example, if there is liver involvement, liver function tests (such as AST, ALT, total bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase) should be measured.[2]
References
- ↑ Kourelis TV, Kumar SK, Gertz MA, Lacy MQ, Buadi FK, Hayman SR; et al. (2013). "Coexistent multiple myeloma or increased bone marrow plasma cells define equally high-risk populations in patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis". J Clin Oncol. 31 (34): 4319–24. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.50.8499. PMC 4881366. PMID 24145344.
- ↑ Mahmood S, Palladini G, Sanchorawala V, Wechalekar A (2014). "Update on treatment of light chain amyloidosis". Haematologica. 99 (2): 209–21. doi:10.3324/haematol.2013.087619. PMC 3912950. PMID 24497558.